Chapter 13 Study Guide

Gothic Europe

Gothic

• Old Testament kings and queens jamb statues, Chartres Cathedral, c. 1145-1155
• Virgin and Child and angels (Notre Dame de la Belle Verriere), Chartres Cathedral, c. 1170
• Saint Theodore jamb statue, Porch of the Martyrs, Chartres Cathedral, c. 1230
• Christ (Beau Dieu), trumeau statue from Amiens Cathedral, c. 1220-1235
• Annunciation and Visitation jamb statues, Reims Cathedral, c. 1230-1255
• Sainte-Chapelle (interior), c. 1243-1248
• Naumburg Master, Crucifixion, west choir screen of Naumburg Cathedral, c. 1249-1255

1. What are the four defining characteristics of Gothic architecture?

2. List 2 structural advantages the pointed arch had over the round arch.

3. What is the function of the flying buttress?

4. How does the representation of Christ change from the Romanesque to Gothic periods?

5. What is the main difference between French Gothic and English Gothic cathedrals?

6. What is a hall church?

Chapter 12 Study Guide

Romanesque Europe

Romanesque

• St. Sernin in Toulouse, c. 1070-1120
• Gislebertus, Last Judgment from Saint-Lazare, c. 1120-1135
• Sant’Ambrogio in Milan, late 11th to early 12th century
• Baptistery of San Giovanni, Florence, 1059
• Saint-Etienne in Caen, c. 1115-1120
• Durham Cathedral (interior), c. 1093
• Master Hugo, Moses Expounding the Law, c. 1135
• Eadwine the Scribe, Eadwine the Scribe at Work, c. 1160-1170
• Battle of Hastings, Bayeux Tapestry, c. 1070-1080

1. What is a relic? What is a reliquary?

2. What did people in the Christian world fear would happen in the year AD1000?

3. Draw a simple floorplan illustrating the ‘pilgrimage church’ type. Include and label the following:

a. nave

b. aisles

c. transept

d. crossing

e. ambulatory

f. chapels (draw at least 4)

4. What advantages did stone vaults have over wooden roofs?

5. Why were so many Romanesque churches of such great size, even though they were frequently located in isolated places with small congregations?

6. What was the Battle of Hastings and why is it important to our study of art?

Essay Titles/Questions

Choose ONE of the questions below and answer it in an essay that is between 3 and 4 pages long. Use specific examples of works of art and architecture which we have looked at in class and that are relevant to your argument.

(Typed, 12 pt font, double spaced, Times New Roman/Arial, 1 inch margins)

1. The Influence of Classical Greece on Imperial Rome: Classical Greece (particularly Athens) had a strong influence on later generations. How is its influence felt in the art and architecture of the Roman Empire? Use 1-2 specific examples from each culture to support your argument. Consider which aspects of the examples you have chosen reflect Greek prototypes and which aspects make them distinctly Roman.

2. Elite Portraiture in Ancient Rome: Discuss the evolution of the portraiture of the elite in Ancient Rome. Choose 3 Romans who held positions of power at different points in Roman history and use their portraits to illustrate change over time. Consider why each of these Romans chose to be depicted the way they were, what their choice is meant to convey about them as rulers, and what influences the style of portrait reflects.

(40 points)

Due: Wednesday 20 May*

* If submitting electronically, essay must be received by midnight. Send to lauren.vaughan@rccd.edu

Chapter 11 Study Guide

Early Medieval Europe

Early Medieval

• Chi-rho-iota page from the Book of Kells, late 8th or early 9th century

• Saint Matthew from the Lindisfarne Gospels*, c. 698-721

• High Cross of Muiredach, 923

• Equestrian statuette of a Carolingian ruler, 9th century

• Saint Matthew from the Coronation Gospels*, c. 800-810

• Saint Matthew from the Ebbo Gospels*, c. 816-835

• Hildesheim Doors, 1015

*Students must identify not only the page but the name of the manuscript in which the page is found

1. What was the only major institution to survive the fall of the Western Roman Empire?

2. The term ‘Insular’ encompasses the art of what region?

3. Who are the four evangelists and what are their symbols?

4. How did Charlemagne turn his court at Aachen into a major centre of culture and learning?

5. What does Charlemagne’s ‘Renovatio’ (Renewal) refer to? What was being renewed?

Chapter 8 Study Guide

Late Antiquity

Early Christian

• Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus, c. 359
• Santa Maria Antiqua Sarcophagus, c. 270
• Christ as Good Shepherd (mosaic), Mausoleum of Galla Placidia, c. 425
• The Parting of Abraham and Lot, Santa Maria Maggiore, 432-440
• Miracle of the Loaves and Fishes, Sant’Apollinare Nuovo, c. 504
• Suicide of Judas and the Crucifixion, c. 420

1. How was Christ most often represented prior to Constantine, particularly during periods of persecution under emperors such as Trajan Decius and Diocletian?

2. Why were most early major churches built on the outskirts of the city of Rome?

3. List three attributes that representations of Christ acquired after Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire

4. Why was large-scale sculpture rare in early Christian places of worship?

5. Define the following terms:

a. codex

b. parchment

c. illuminated manuscript